banner banner

Blog Details

Home > Blog >

Company blog about Blackhead Removal Nose Strips: Materials, Manufacturing & OEM Customization Guide

Events
Contact Us
Mr. JIMMY WANG
86--180 6208 8112
Contact Now

Blackhead Removal Nose Strips: Materials, Manufacturing & OEM Customization Guide

2026-10-20

Introduction

Blackhead removal nose strips remain a popular skincare product category, offering brands an accessible way to expand their facial cleansing and pore care collections.

For skincare brands, importers, distributors, and private-label buyers, developing a successful nose strip product involves more than choosing a familiar shape. Adhesive formulation, material construction, printed designs, manufacturing consistency, and packaging flexibility all contribute to a competitive product.

At Wuhan Hangu Technology Co., Ltd., we manufacture PVA-based blackhead removal nose strips in a variety of shapes, colors, and printed designs. We also support standard and activated charcoal formulations, along with OEM and ODM packaging solutions.

This guide introduces the materials, production process, customization possibilities, and sourcing considerations that matter most to international buyers.

 Custom blackhead removal nose strips in different shapes colors and printed patterns


1. What Are Blackhead Removal Nose Strips?

Blackhead removal nose strips, also known as pore strips, are adhesive skincare products designed to help lift blackheads, excess sebum, and pore-clogging debris from the nose area.

These strips use a water-activated adhesive system that adheres to surface impurities. After the adhesive layer dries, the strip can be gently peeled away, helping remove attached debris for a cleaner-looking nose.

Nose strips offer a convenient addition to facial cleansing routines and are available in different shapes, colors, formulations, and printed designs to suit a wide range of skincare brands.

For OEM and private-label buyers, product development focuses on selecting the right materials, adhesive formulation, strip design, and packaging format to match the intended market and brand positioning.

2. How Do PVA Blackhead Nose Strips Work?

PVA, or polyvinyl alcohol, is the key adhesive material used in HANGU's water-activated blackhead nose strips.

The application process is straightforward.

Step 1: Water Activation

The nose is moistened before application. Water activates the PVA adhesive layer, allowing the strip to adhere to the skin surface.

Step 2: Adhesive Drying

As the strip dries, the adhesive layer forms a firm bond with surface impurities and some pore plugs.

Step 3: Gentle Removal

Once fully dry, the strip is carefully peeled away, lifting attached debris and helping leave the nose looking cleaner.

This water-activated adhesive mechanism makes PVA nose strips a practical choice for skincare brands developing easy-to-use pore cleansing products.

For OEM development, adhesive formulation and material consistency are important factors in achieving the intended application experience.

3. Materials and Three-Layer Structure

Material construction plays an important role in the performance, appearance, and handling of blackhead removal nose strips.

HANGU's confirmed three-layer material construction includes:

Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric + PVA Water-Soluble Adhesive Layer + PVC Film

Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric

Spunlace nonwoven fabric is used as part of the strip's material structure. It contributes to the flexibility and handling characteristics of the finished product.

PVA Adhesive Layer

The PVA-based adhesive layer is the functional component of the nose strip. Its water-activated properties allow the strip to adhere to surface impurities during application.

PVC Film

PVC film is incorporated into the three-layer construction as part of the specified material system.

Together, these materials form the basis of HANGU's PVA blackhead removal nose strips.

The laminated material is subsequently converted into the required nose-strip shapes through precision die cutting.

Three layer material construction of PVA blackhead nose strips with spunlace nonwoven fabric adhesive and PVC film



4. Standard and Activated Charcoal Nose Strips

HANGU offers two formulation options for blackhead removal nose strip projects.

Standard PVA Nose Strips

Standard PVA nose strips use a water-activated adhesive formulation for physical removal of surface impurities.

They can be developed in different shapes, colors, and printed designs to suit a brand's product positioning.

Activated Charcoal Nose Strips

Activated charcoal nose strips incorporate charcoal into the formulation, providing an additional ingredient option for pore care product development.

The charcoal version is suitable for brands looking to expand their cleansing product collections with charcoal-themed formulations.

Both options can be discussed as part of an OEM or private-label development project.

Standard PVA and activated charcoal blackhead removal nose strip formulation options



5. Custom Shapes, Colors and Printed Designs

Product appearance is an important part of skincare branding.

HANGU's existing blackhead nose strip collection includes a wide variety of shapes, colors, and decorative printed patterns, giving buyers multiple options for product differentiation.

Custom Shapes and Sizes

Nose strips can be developed in different outlines and dimensions according to the intended product design.

Customized shapes help brands create recognizable products while considering the coverage and fit of the nose area.

Custom Colors

Different colors can support brand identity, product collections, and seasonal skincare concepts.

From simple black and white designs to more colorful options, nose strip appearance can be adapted to the brand's visual direction.

Printed Patterns and Logos

Custom printed designs provide additional opportunities for brand differentiation.

HANGU's physical product samples include decorative patterns and creative visual styles.

Brands can discuss custom artwork, printed logos, and design requirements for their OEM projects.

This flexibility allows buyers to develop nose strip products that reflect their own brand identity rather than relying on a single standard appearance.

Colorful custom printed blackhead nose strips with different patterns for OEM skincare brands



6. Blackhead Nose Strip Manufacturing Process

A consistent manufacturing process helps turn approved materials and designs into finished nose strip products.

HANGU's production workflow includes the following stages:

Adhesive Preparation → Coating and Lamination → Curing → Die Cutting → Inner Pouch Packaging → Quality Inspection

Adhesive Preparation

The adhesive material is prepared according to the selected formulation, including standard PVA and optional activated charcoal versions.

Coating and Lamination

The prepared adhesive is coated and combined with the specified substrate materials to create the laminated strip material.

Curing

The laminated material undergoes the required curing or stabilization process before converting.

Die Cutting

The prepared material is die-cut into the approved nose-strip shapes and dimensions.

This stage supports the production of both standard outlines and customized designs.

Inner Pouch Packaging

Finished nose strips are packed according to the selected packaging requirements, including individual foil pouches or bulk packaging.

Quality Inspection

Quality inspection is carried out as part of the manufacturing workflow to support product consistency and agreed specifications.

HANGU operates an ISO 13485-certified quality management system, supporting its manufacturing and quality management processes.

For international buyers, this integrated workflow provides a practical foundation for OEM and ODM nose strip development.

HANGU blackhead nose strip coating lamination and die cutting manufacturing process



7. Flexible Packaging Options for Different Buyers

Packaging requirements can vary depending on a buyer's business model, sales channels, and existing packaging capabilities.

HANGU provides flexible packaging options for blackhead removal nose strips.

Individually Packed Nose Strips

Each nose strip can be packed in an individual aluminum foil pouch.

This option is suitable for private-label skincare brands, retail product lines, and buyers who prefer individually packaged products.

Custom printed foil pouches and retail boxes are also available for OEM and ODM projects.

Bulk Nose Strips — 50 Pieces per Bag

For customers who manage their own final packaging, HANGU also supplies unwrapped nose strips packed in bags containing 50 pieces.

This format is suitable for buyers who purchase nose strip pieces for subsequent packaging under their own brands.

Custom Retail Packaging

HANGU supports custom retail box artwork and packaging development based on the buyer's branding requirements.

Whether a customer needs individually packed nose strips or bulk pieces for local packaging, the packaging format can be discussed during OEM project development.

Individual foil pouch and 50 piece bulk packaging options for blackhead removal nose strips


8. OEM and Private Label Customization Options

HANGU provides OEM and ODM manufacturing support for skincare brands, wholesalers, and distributors seeking customized blackhead removal nose strips.

Available customization options include:

Shape and Size Customization

Develop nose-strip outlines and dimensions based on approved product specifications.

Formulation Options

Choose between standard PVA and activated charcoal formulations.

Custom Printing

Add decorative patterns, brand artwork, or printed logos according to the approved design.

Individual Foil Pouches

Develop customized single-piece foil pouch packaging for private-label products.

Bulk Packaging

Purchase unwrapped nose strips in 50-piece bags for subsequent packaging.

Retail Box Customization

Create branded retail boxes with customized graphics and product information.

These options help buyers develop products that align with their branding, distribution, and packaging requirements.

9. MOQ, Samples, Lead Time and Shelf Life

Understanding order requirements is an important part of planning an OEM nose strip project.

Minimum Order Quantity

HANGU's standard MOQ for blackhead removal nose strips is 50,000 pieces.

MOQ requirements for customized projects depend on the specific design, formulation, and packaging requirements.

Sample Availability

Available-stock samples are provided free of charge, with shipping costs covered by the customer.

In-stock samples are generally dispatched within approximately 3 days.

Customized samples that are not available from stock generally require approximately 15 days after receipt of the sample deposit.

Production Lead Time

Regular bulk orders are generally planned for approximately 20 days.

Customized production orders generally require approximately 30 days, depending on the approved specifications and production arrangements.

Shelf Life

The confirmed shelf life of HANGU blackhead removal nose strips is 3 years.

These details help buyers plan sampling, packaging development, purchasing, and delivery schedules.

10. What Information Should Buyers Provide for an OEM Quotation?

Preparing a clear product brief helps buyers communicate their requirements and obtain a more accurate quotation.

Useful information includes:

  • Preferred nose-strip shape and size

  • Standard PVA or activated charcoal formulation

  • Product color and printed design

  • Logo or custom artwork requirements

  • Individual foil pouch or 50-piece bulk packaging

  • Custom retail box requirements

  • Target market

  • Estimated order quantity

  • Sample requirements

  • Expected delivery schedule

Providing these details at the beginning of the project helps streamline product development and communication.

OEM purchasing checklist for blackhead nose strip shapes formulations printing packaging and quantity



11. Why Work with HANGU for Custom Nose Strips?

Choosing an OEM manufacturer is an important decision for skincare brands expanding their product collections.

HANGU combines established manufacturing capabilities with flexible customization options for blackhead removal nose strips.

Diverse Product Designs

Our existing product collection includes multiple shapes, colors, and printed patterns for different branding concepts.

PVA-Based Formulation Options

We offer standard PVA and activated charcoal formulations to support different product development requirements.

OEM and ODM Customization

Buyers can discuss custom shapes, sizes, printed artwork, individual foil pouches, and retail packaging.

Flexible Supply Formats

Both individually packed strips and 50-piece bulk packaging are available to support different purchasing and packaging arrangements.

Manufacturing and Quality Management

Our production process covers adhesive preparation, coating and lamination, curing, die cutting, packaging, and quality inspection, supported by an ISO 13485-certified quality management system.

From product design discussions to packaging selection and bulk manufacturing, HANGU works with buyers to develop nose strip products for their target markets.


Frequently Asked Questions

1. What materials are used in HANGU blackhead nose strips?

Our blackhead nose strips use a three-layer construction consisting of spunlace nonwoven fabric, a PVA water-soluble adhesive layer, and PVC film.

2. How do PVA blackhead nose strips work?

The PVA adhesive layer is activated by water. After drying, the strip can be peeled away to help lift blackheads and surface impurities from the nose area.

3. Are activated charcoal nose strips available?

Yes. HANGU offers both standard PVA nose strips and activated charcoal nose strips to meet different OEM and private-label requirements.

4. Can I customize the shape and printed design?

Yes. HANGU supports custom shapes, sizes, printed patterns, and logo artwork according to project requirements.

5. What is the MOQ for blackhead nose strips?

The standard MOQ is 50,000 pieces. Customized orders are evaluated based on the specific requirements.

6. Do you offer individually packaged nose strips?

Yes. Each nose strip can be packed in an individual aluminum foil pouch. Custom retail box packaging is also available.

7. Can I purchase bulk nose strips for my own packaging?

Yes. HANGU offers unwrapped nose strips packed in bags of 50 pieces for buyers who arrange their own final packaging.

8. What is the shelf life of your nose strips?

The shelf life is 3 years.

9. Can I request samples before placing a bulk order?

Yes. Available-stock samples are free of charge, with shipping costs covered by the customer. Customized sample development can also be discussed.


Conclusion

Blackhead removal nose strips offer skincare brands a flexible product category with opportunities for formulation selection, creative printed designs, and private-label customization.

From PVA adhesive materials and activated charcoal options to custom shapes, printed patterns, and flexible packaging formats, each element can contribute to a product that matches a brand's positioning and sourcing needs.

At Wuhan Hangu Technology Co., Ltd., we support OEM and ODM blackhead nose strip projects with manufacturing capabilities, product customization, and packaging options for international buyers.

Looking for a reliable blackhead nose strip manufacturer?

Contact HANGU to discuss your custom nose strip design, formulation, packaging requirements, samples, and wholesale quotation.

banner
Blog Details
Home > Blog >

Company blog about-Blackhead Removal Nose Strips: Materials, Manufacturing & OEM Customization Guide

Blackhead Removal Nose Strips: Materials, Manufacturing & OEM Customization Guide

2026-10-20

Introduction

Blackhead removal nose strips remain a popular skincare product category, offering brands an accessible way to expand their facial cleansing and pore care collections.

For skincare brands, importers, distributors, and private-label buyers, developing a successful nose strip product involves more than choosing a familiar shape. Adhesive formulation, material construction, printed designs, manufacturing consistency, and packaging flexibility all contribute to a competitive product.

At Wuhan Hangu Technology Co., Ltd., we manufacture PVA-based blackhead removal nose strips in a variety of shapes, colors, and printed designs. We also support standard and activated charcoal formulations, along with OEM and ODM packaging solutions.

This guide introduces the materials, production process, customization possibilities, and sourcing considerations that matter most to international buyers.

 Custom blackhead removal nose strips in different shapes colors and printed patterns


1. What Are Blackhead Removal Nose Strips?

Blackhead removal nose strips, also known as pore strips, are adhesive skincare products designed to help lift blackheads, excess sebum, and pore-clogging debris from the nose area.

These strips use a water-activated adhesive system that adheres to surface impurities. After the adhesive layer dries, the strip can be gently peeled away, helping remove attached debris for a cleaner-looking nose.

Nose strips offer a convenient addition to facial cleansing routines and are available in different shapes, colors, formulations, and printed designs to suit a wide range of skincare brands.

For OEM and private-label buyers, product development focuses on selecting the right materials, adhesive formulation, strip design, and packaging format to match the intended market and brand positioning.

2. How Do PVA Blackhead Nose Strips Work?

PVA, or polyvinyl alcohol, is the key adhesive material used in HANGU's water-activated blackhead nose strips.

The application process is straightforward.

Step 1: Water Activation

The nose is moistened before application. Water activates the PVA adhesive layer, allowing the strip to adhere to the skin surface.

Step 2: Adhesive Drying

As the strip dries, the adhesive layer forms a firm bond with surface impurities and some pore plugs.

Step 3: Gentle Removal

Once fully dry, the strip is carefully peeled away, lifting attached debris and helping leave the nose looking cleaner.

This water-activated adhesive mechanism makes PVA nose strips a practical choice for skincare brands developing easy-to-use pore cleansing products.

For OEM development, adhesive formulation and material consistency are important factors in achieving the intended application experience.

3. Materials and Three-Layer Structure

Material construction plays an important role in the performance, appearance, and handling of blackhead removal nose strips.

HANGU's confirmed three-layer material construction includes:

Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric + PVA Water-Soluble Adhesive Layer + PVC Film

Spunlace Nonwoven Fabric

Spunlace nonwoven fabric is used as part of the strip's material structure. It contributes to the flexibility and handling characteristics of the finished product.

PVA Adhesive Layer

The PVA-based adhesive layer is the functional component of the nose strip. Its water-activated properties allow the strip to adhere to surface impurities during application.

PVC Film

PVC film is incorporated into the three-layer construction as part of the specified material system.

Together, these materials form the basis of HANGU's PVA blackhead removal nose strips.

The laminated material is subsequently converted into the required nose-strip shapes through precision die cutting.

Three layer material construction of PVA blackhead nose strips with spunlace nonwoven fabric adhesive and PVC film



4. Standard and Activated Charcoal Nose Strips

HANGU offers two formulation options for blackhead removal nose strip projects.

Standard PVA Nose Strips

Standard PVA nose strips use a water-activated adhesive formulation for physical removal of surface impurities.

They can be developed in different shapes, colors, and printed designs to suit a brand's product positioning.

Activated Charcoal Nose Strips

Activated charcoal nose strips incorporate charcoal into the formulation, providing an additional ingredient option for pore care product development.

The charcoal version is suitable for brands looking to expand their cleansing product collections with charcoal-themed formulations.

Both options can be discussed as part of an OEM or private-label development project.

Standard PVA and activated charcoal blackhead removal nose strip formulation options



5. Custom Shapes, Colors and Printed Designs

Product appearance is an important part of skincare branding.

HANGU's existing blackhead nose strip collection includes a wide variety of shapes, colors, and decorative printed patterns, giving buyers multiple options for product differentiation.

Custom Shapes and Sizes

Nose strips can be developed in different outlines and dimensions according to the intended product design.

Customized shapes help brands create recognizable products while considering the coverage and fit of the nose area.

Custom Colors

Different colors can support brand identity, product collections, and seasonal skincare concepts.

From simple black and white designs to more colorful options, nose strip appearance can be adapted to the brand's visual direction.

Printed Patterns and Logos

Custom printed designs provide additional opportunities for brand differentiation.

HANGU's physical product samples include decorative patterns and creative visual styles.

Brands can discuss custom artwork, printed logos, and design requirements for their OEM projects.

This flexibility allows buyers to develop nose strip products that reflect their own brand identity rather than relying on a single standard appearance.

Colorful custom printed blackhead nose strips with different patterns for OEM skincare brands



6. Blackhead Nose Strip Manufacturing Process

A consistent manufacturing process helps turn approved materials and designs into finished nose strip products.

HANGU's production workflow includes the following stages:

Adhesive Preparation → Coating and Lamination → Curing → Die Cutting → Inner Pouch Packaging → Quality Inspection

Adhesive Preparation

The adhesive material is prepared according to the selected formulation, including standard PVA and optional activated charcoal versions.

Coating and Lamination

The prepared adhesive is coated and combined with the specified substrate materials to create the laminated strip material.

Curing

The laminated material undergoes the required curing or stabilization process before converting.

Die Cutting

The prepared material is die-cut into the approved nose-strip shapes and dimensions.

This stage supports the production of both standard outlines and customized designs.

Inner Pouch Packaging

Finished nose strips are packed according to the selected packaging requirements, including individual foil pouches or bulk packaging.

Quality Inspection

Quality inspection is carried out as part of the manufacturing workflow to support product consistency and agreed specifications.

HANGU operates an ISO 13485-certified quality management system, supporting its manufacturing and quality management processes.

For international buyers, this integrated workflow provides a practical foundation for OEM and ODM nose strip development.

HANGU blackhead nose strip coating lamination and die cutting manufacturing process



7. Flexible Packaging Options for Different Buyers

Packaging requirements can vary depending on a buyer's business model, sales channels, and existing packaging capabilities.

HANGU provides flexible packaging options for blackhead removal nose strips.

Individually Packed Nose Strips

Each nose strip can be packed in an individual aluminum foil pouch.

This option is suitable for private-label skincare brands, retail product lines, and buyers who prefer individually packaged products.

Custom printed foil pouches and retail boxes are also available for OEM and ODM projects.

Bulk Nose Strips — 50 Pieces per Bag

For customers who manage their own final packaging, HANGU also supplies unwrapped nose strips packed in bags containing 50 pieces.

This format is suitable for buyers who purchase nose strip pieces for subsequent packaging under their own brands.

Custom Retail Packaging

HANGU supports custom retail box artwork and packaging development based on the buyer's branding requirements.

Whether a customer needs individually packed nose strips or bulk pieces for local packaging, the packaging format can be discussed during OEM project development.

Individual foil pouch and 50 piece bulk packaging options for blackhead removal nose strips


8. OEM and Private Label Customization Options

HANGU provides OEM and ODM manufacturing support for skincare brands, wholesalers, and distributors seeking customized blackhead removal nose strips.

Available customization options include:

Shape and Size Customization

Develop nose-strip outlines and dimensions based on approved product specifications.

Formulation Options

Choose between standard PVA and activated charcoal formulations.

Custom Printing

Add decorative patterns, brand artwork, or printed logos according to the approved design.

Individual Foil Pouches

Develop customized single-piece foil pouch packaging for private-label products.

Bulk Packaging

Purchase unwrapped nose strips in 50-piece bags for subsequent packaging.

Retail Box Customization

Create branded retail boxes with customized graphics and product information.

These options help buyers develop products that align with their branding, distribution, and packaging requirements.

9. MOQ, Samples, Lead Time and Shelf Life

Understanding order requirements is an important part of planning an OEM nose strip project.

Minimum Order Quantity

HANGU's standard MOQ for blackhead removal nose strips is 50,000 pieces.

MOQ requirements for customized projects depend on the specific design, formulation, and packaging requirements.

Sample Availability

Available-stock samples are provided free of charge, with shipping costs covered by the customer.

In-stock samples are generally dispatched within approximately 3 days.

Customized samples that are not available from stock generally require approximately 15 days after receipt of the sample deposit.

Production Lead Time

Regular bulk orders are generally planned for approximately 20 days.

Customized production orders generally require approximately 30 days, depending on the approved specifications and production arrangements.

Shelf Life

The confirmed shelf life of HANGU blackhead removal nose strips is 3 years.

These details help buyers plan sampling, packaging development, purchasing, and delivery schedules.

10. What Information Should Buyers Provide for an OEM Quotation?

Preparing a clear product brief helps buyers communicate their requirements and obtain a more accurate quotation.

Useful information includes:

  • Preferred nose-strip shape and size

  • Standard PVA or activated charcoal formulation

  • Product color and printed design

  • Logo or custom artwork requirements

  • Individual foil pouch or 50-piece bulk packaging

  • Custom retail box requirements

  • Target market

  • Estimated order quantity

  • Sample requirements

  • Expected delivery schedule

Providing these details at the beginning of the project helps streamline product development and communication.

OEM purchasing checklist for blackhead nose strip shapes formulations printing packaging and quantity



11. Why Work with HANGU for Custom Nose Strips?

Choosing an OEM manufacturer is an important decision for skincare brands expanding their product collections.

HANGU combines established manufacturing capabilities with flexible customization options for blackhead removal nose strips.

Diverse Product Designs

Our existing product collection includes multiple shapes, colors, and printed patterns for different branding concepts.

PVA-Based Formulation Options

We offer standard PVA and activated charcoal formulations to support different product development requirements.

OEM and ODM Customization

Buyers can discuss custom shapes, sizes, printed artwork, individual foil pouches, and retail packaging.

Flexible Supply Formats

Both individually packed strips and 50-piece bulk packaging are available to support different purchasing and packaging arrangements.

Manufacturing and Quality Management

Our production process covers adhesive preparation, coating and lamination, curing, die cutting, packaging, and quality inspection, supported by an ISO 13485-certified quality management system.

From product design discussions to packaging selection and bulk manufacturing, HANGU works with buyers to develop nose strip products for their target markets.


Frequently Asked Questions

1. What materials are used in HANGU blackhead nose strips?

Our blackhead nose strips use a three-layer construction consisting of spunlace nonwoven fabric, a PVA water-soluble adhesive layer, and PVC film.

2. How do PVA blackhead nose strips work?

The PVA adhesive layer is activated by water. After drying, the strip can be peeled away to help lift blackheads and surface impurities from the nose area.

3. Are activated charcoal nose strips available?

Yes. HANGU offers both standard PVA nose strips and activated charcoal nose strips to meet different OEM and private-label requirements.

4. Can I customize the shape and printed design?

Yes. HANGU supports custom shapes, sizes, printed patterns, and logo artwork according to project requirements.

5. What is the MOQ for blackhead nose strips?

The standard MOQ is 50,000 pieces. Customized orders are evaluated based on the specific requirements.

6. Do you offer individually packaged nose strips?

Yes. Each nose strip can be packed in an individual aluminum foil pouch. Custom retail box packaging is also available.

7. Can I purchase bulk nose strips for my own packaging?

Yes. HANGU offers unwrapped nose strips packed in bags of 50 pieces for buyers who arrange their own final packaging.

8. What is the shelf life of your nose strips?

The shelf life is 3 years.

9. Can I request samples before placing a bulk order?

Yes. Available-stock samples are free of charge, with shipping costs covered by the customer. Customized sample development can also be discussed.


Conclusion

Blackhead removal nose strips offer skincare brands a flexible product category with opportunities for formulation selection, creative printed designs, and private-label customization.

From PVA adhesive materials and activated charcoal options to custom shapes, printed patterns, and flexible packaging formats, each element can contribute to a product that matches a brand's positioning and sourcing needs.

At Wuhan Hangu Technology Co., Ltd., we support OEM and ODM blackhead nose strip projects with manufacturing capabilities, product customization, and packaging options for international buyers.

Looking for a reliable blackhead nose strip manufacturer?

Contact HANGU to discuss your custom nose strip design, formulation, packaging requirements, samples, and wholesale quotation.